The Evolving Role of Poetry and the Poet Essay - 1751 Words

The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato, claimed Alfred North Whitehead in 1929s Process and Reality. Plato studied under Socrates in Athens, Greece, and showed a deep interest for politics. It wasnt until Socrates death that Plato turned from politics to philosophy. He developed Idealism in opposition to the belief of the Sophists and opened a school in Athens. The Academy was one of the first organized schools in Western Civilization it was here that Plato taught his most famous student, Aristotle. Platos most famous work is The Republic. In it Plato describes a perfect, or ideal, state. The beginning of the work investigates the true meaning†¦show more content†¦Aristotles best known work is Poetics. It is believed to be a private paper that conceivably rotated around The Lyceum. In other words, it was never written to be published. Thats why the text mentions things that will be di scussed later but never are. The text outlines Aristotles characteristics for a tragedy as well as responding to Platos The Republic Book X. Platos theory in The Republic says that everything in the world comes from Eidos, or, the Ideal. The Ideal is the one perfect model; everything else is simply an imperfect copy of something else. In Book X Socrates states, There are three arts which are concerned with all things: one which uses, another which makes, a third which imitates... (25). The metaphysical path leaves only one truth, one Ideal; so each other component is moving farther and farther away from the truth. Platos example in a simpler form would claim that a carpenter can create a bed, but he did not create the idea of a bed. To take that object as far away from truth as Plato places poetry, you would have to consider a painter depicting the bed as art. As Socrates begins to draw his conversation to an end in Book X of The Republic he makes an important conclusion, At all events we are well aware that poetry, such as we have described, is not to be regarded seriously as attaining to the truth; (29). Taking into consideration the fact that the artist is so far from the truth, it can be inferred that the poetShow MoreRelatedAmoretti Xxx : My Love Is Like To Ice, And I To Fire By Edmund Spenser1598 Words   |  7 Pagesreflect the ideals and attitudes of society. Specifically, writers have deconstructed, examined, and put love poetry back together; writers have provided varying opinions and interpretations regarding the motif of love. In the Elizabethan Era, poets idealized love and ignored all potential hardships. In the Victorian Era, the concept of problematic relationships had gained popularity, but poets maintained the idea of making the best of one’s circumstances and remaining complacent. The poems of the ModernRead MoreAn Inexplicable Nature of the American Identity Essay1242 Words   |  5 Pagestransformed into something that, for better or worse, was no longer shared by later poets. Those of the â€Å"New World† came to realize that their world never re ally managed to leave behind the faults of the â€Å"Old.† Societal tension rose as different poets and authors struggled to pin down the direction of American culture and its ideals. When no solid idea was able to capture American culture adequately, the concept of an ever-evolving American identity was adopted. It became apparent that the American identityRead MoreBritish Nationalism And Self Sacrifice By Rupert Brooke And Wilfred Owen s The Soldier 1265 Words   |  6 PagesBritish Nationalism and war propaganda profoundly influenced the writings of numerous British poets during the early years of World War One. However, as the war progressed, attitudes concerning pro-nationalist ideologies began to change. The horrific realities of the war produced a profusion of sardonic, anti-nationalistic poetry as young soldier-poets confronted death and destruction. For example, British poets Rupert Brooke and Wilfred Owen drew from their experiences as soldiers during the war whi leRead MoreIdentity Crisis : A State Of Psychological Distress1321 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER – 1: INTRODUCTION Identity crisis is a state of psychological distress in which a person feels confused and uncertain and unsure of his role in life which makes his sense of identity becomes insecure on physical and intellectual segregation from the main stream of life. It is accepted by the psychologists that the establishment of character is a standout amongst the most crucial parts of a human s life. A personality emergency is a period of investigation and concentrated dissection of diverseRead MoreCritical Analysis Of Crocicchio By Ardengo Soffici914 Words   |  4 Pagesfrom the very title: Crocicchio, or crossroad. This immediately presents a streetscape of bustle and constant motion and captures the business of the city as both people and machines go by on the streets. This idea is furthered in line 8, when the poet mentions â€Å"Le automobile venute di pertutto†. The image of the cars coming from all directions into one space links back to the title, effectively depicting the implicit crowdedness and the mechanisation of the city and emphasising it as one of theRead MoreThe, An American Classical Scholar1827 Words   |  8 PagesSlavic oral poetry first hand, he was able to prove that the formulaic structure of Homeric epic was characteristic of oral composition. Due to the pressure of composition in performance, as would have been the norm, he also demonstrated that repeated words or phrases would have been fundamental in the composition of oral epic poetry. Whether these took the form of noun-epithet formulas, larger formulaic phrases or entire scenes, the mnemonic power which they created served to make epic poetry entirelyRead MoreShakespeare - Why Is He Still so Widely Studied and Relavent Today?1582 Words   |  7 Pagesrelevant and so widely studied and performed today? Denise Ooi The History of Theatre Mrs 24 September 2008 For over four hundred years, the works of British playwright William Shakespeare has remained fundamental in the role of theatre, study of the English language and presumably, skills in the study of business management as critics claim. 1 Shakespeares works had cultured the stage all over the world as well as in the development of English literature, which was amongstRead MoreAnalysis Of Barbie Doll And We Wear The Mask1147 Words   |  5 Pageswhat isn’t true; the other is to refuse to believe what is true.† - Soren Kierkgaard. â€Å"Barbie Doll† by Marge Piercy and â€Å"We Wear The Mask† by Paul Laurence Dunbar are two pieces of poetry that vocalize the issues of ignorance and unrealistic social standards within society. Marge Piercy is a well-known novelist, poet, memoirist and activist. She was born on March 31st, 1936 in Detroit, Michigan into a family of labor workers, activists and creative women. In her later life, Piercy received her MRead More Reality in Wallace Stevens’ The Man with the Blue Guitar Essay2476 Words   |  10 PagesReality in Wallace Stevens’ The Man with the Blue Guitar For Wallace Stevens, reality is an abstraction with many perspective possibilities. As a poet, Stevens struggles to create original perspectives of reality. Wallace Stevens creates a new, modern reality in his poetry. Actually, Stevens decreates reality in his poetry. In The Necessary Angel, Stevens paraphrases Simone Weil’s coinage of decreation as the change from created to uncreated or from created to nothingness. Stevens thenRead MoreLove Muse Solution Proposal1240 Words   |  5 Pagesharbored internally, and resentments create a sense of division that causes the muse of love to vanish. Modern observers of intimacy and its role in creative expression have found that if you want a relationship that maintains deep emotional and physical connection, a relationship where you rarely feel lonely with each other, a relationship that is always evolving and growing toward deeper intimacy, then you likely have to be willing to work at it by healing your own issues (Paul 2). T he muse provided

Animal Testing Is Wrong - 1495 Words

Harmful Testing on Animals is Wrong In American society, many groups and organizations are debating whether or not animal testing should be banned. Some people believe that there are reasons why animal testing should be done. Others believe that animal testing is morally wrong. Some experts believe that there are other options available. I believe that animal testing is wrong based on three observations: animal testing is unethical, pointless, and abusive. Numerous years ago, animal testing was started to help humans obtain information. The process of testing on animals is, quite possibly, one of the most disturbing experiments ever performed. Many cosmetics and personal care products are manufactured every year and put into the market†¦show more content†¦The major difference is they shampoo their own dogs to see how it smells after being cleaned off with water. This type of procedure is not actual animal testing. The reason being is because it is not deathly and does not harm the animals in any way. Mothers Products inventor did state in an interview, Beyond these happy volunteers, we do not test on animals. All other product testing is on ourselves, friends, and family. This is the best type of testing to do, on real voluntary human beings. Another element on why experimentation on animals is wrong is because, in multiple ways, it is pointless. According to an online article titled Animal Testing†, the main stated reason that major companies even test their products on animals is because they are supposedly watching out for the safety of human beings. Most toxic products are tested on many types of different animals. Some toxic products that are used are: soaps, detergents, oven cleaners, and toilet cleaners. What is the problem with this picture? No amount of rigorous animal testing could possibly change the fact that many of these products are harmful if ingested or used in a way not intended by the manufacturer. In other words, there is no reason to force animals to swallow any toxic products, when no matter what, they would harm any person if they choose to digest it. Another point, many different types of drugs are actually very useful toShow MoreRelatedAnimal Testing Is Wrong?1288 Words   |  6 Pages ANIMAL TESTING IS WRONG The words animal testing mean to perform procedures on living animals for the research of basic human biology and diseases, finding out the effectiveness of new medical products, and testing the human health and environmental safety of consumer and industry products like cosmetics, household cleaners, food additives, pharmaceuticals and industrial/agro-chemicals and means using other living organisms except humans for testing. All procedures, even those classifiedRead MoreIs Animal Testing Wrong?923 Words   |  4 PagesIs Animal Testing Wrong? It s on the internet, it s in magazines, it s even on the news. Animal testing is a major debate among both academics and everyday people. The most common animals used in testing ae mice, rats, and apes. Some people think that animal testing is obsolete in this day and age but it isn t obsolete because animal testing helps determine what chemicals are potentially harmful to humans, it helps determine what medicines are potentially safe for human use, and it helps advanceRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong?975 Words   |  4 PagesI believe that animal testing is wrong because, the animals are treated inhumanely. Humans have no right to use animals like they are objects that can just be thrown away like they do not matter. These experiments result in extreme and torturous pain. Animals are brought into laboratories and tested on against their will. An estimate of almost twenty-six million animals is used every year in the United States for scientific and commercial testing. Animals a re used to check the safety of product,Read MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong And Cruel Animals1195 Words   |  5 Pageshas made me realize that animal testing is wrong and cruel to animals. I will be going over some of the history of animal testing, giving examples of some of the tests that are being performed, and mentioning some of the laws and acts created. While reading through this think is this test necessary when the animals will be put through cruel procedures. This is why I think that animal testing should be reevaluated to see if it is really worthwhile. What is animal testing some people ask, and whyRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1373 Words   |  6 PagesHumans are animals, and as such it is morally wrong to use them to test pharmaceuticals intended for use by humans. Those who support animal experimentation believe it is a necessary evil, in part due to the false information put out by the media. The so-called benefits of animal testing have not helped humans for years, yet in many countries the law still requires researchers use animals to test their medications. In fact, although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put anRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong? Essay1305 Words   |  6 PagesSeeing as humans are animals it is morally wrong to use animals to test human products. Due to the false information put out by the media, those who support animal believe what the media states about it being a necessary evil. The so-called benefits from animal testing have not helped humans for yea rs, but is now legally required in many countries. Although alternatives have been found, few steps have been taken to put an end to animal experimentation. The way activists present their argument isRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong Essay1418 Words   |  6 PagesMany people have animals around the world, whether it be dogs, cats, reptiles, birds, even horses and llamas, and they all love them very much. A lot of people will do anything to ensure the comfort and safety of their companion and friend. Many people may be shocked and horrified to find that over 100 Million animals die each year due to animal testing. This essay will go into more detail about some reasons why people might find animal testing wrong, and some reasons why a lot of people see it asRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Morally Wrong?878 Words   |  4 Pageslot of different types of animals suffer through painful and unnecessary tests. An animal being used for scientific experiments is wrong because it is inhumane, expensive, and unpredictable. Animals in laboratories live lives of loss, pain, loneliness, and torture. Various studies have shown that animal experimentation often does not even help humans. Some even lead to harmful human reactions to the drugs being tested on animals. Yet we continue to use animal testing while other courses of actionRead MoreAnimal Testing Is Wrong Essay1603 Words   |  7 PagesAnimal testing has been around since the third and fourth centuries BC, when it was performed by Greek philosopher-physicians. However, it is unknown when people began to question this process. In today’s society, the idea of testing products on animals has become more and more controversial with numerous groups being created and becoming even more vocal. While people will decide for themselves where they stand in this argument, I would hope that most would agree that animal abuse is wrong. So,Read MoreAnimal Testing is Wrong! Essay923 Words   |  4 PagesPicture yourself in a testing laboratory; needles, drugs, and knives pointed in your direction with you having no idea whatà ¢â‚¬â„¢s going on around you, this is how animals everyday are treated, we have to stop this now! Millions of animals are killed in laboratories everyday with no chance to object to what the testers are about to do to them. Animals feel as much pain as humans do so why does it make it okay to test on them when they are so alike to humans? Every day people test makeup, shampoos, and

Iago The Villain Of Shakespeare s Play The Tragedy Of...

In Act 1 we are introduced to Iago the villain of Shakespeare’s play The Tragedy of Othello. Iago is motivated by his own personal gains, and uses people as pawns to help achieve his own goals. Iago is able to manipulate people easily by observing each person carefully and exploiting their weaknesses. In Act 1 Iago manipulates Roderigo by convincing him that he is going to help him win Desdemona over; Iago also convinces Othello that he is trustworthy and his loyal standard-bearer, but in fact Iago is only using their misplaced trust to help himself. In the first scene we learn that Iago dislikes Othello because he made Cassio his lieutenant, although he is unexperienced in battling, even though â€Å"three great ones of the city in personal suit [asked Othello] to make [Iago] his lieutenant† (Act 1, Scene 1, Line 8-9). This may not be the only reason, however, because â€Å"it is thought abroad that ‘twixt [his] sheets [Othello has] done [Iago’s] officeâ € , (Act 1, Scene 3, Line 355-356), meaning that it was rumored that Othello and Iago’s wife had slept together. Even though it was only a rumor Iago â€Å"will do, as if for surety†, (Act 1, Scene 3, Line 360), which shows how driven Iago is when it comes to his plot against Othello. At this point in the play we still do not have a clear idea as to what Iago is going to do to Othello we only know that he wants revenge and he wants to ruin Othello’s marriage. In Act 1 we learn how clever and manipulative Iago can be, which is horribleShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Works Of Shakespeare1126 Words   |  5 Pagesessay, I believe it s only fair you should know a little back story of the author himself; William Shakespeare. Shakespeare was born April 26, 1564 in Stratford-upon-Avon, which is located in the United Kingdom. Even though his goals were to become an actor, he fell into writing and become one of the most well-known writers in his life. There s a lot of controversy surrounding Shakespeare and there s many people who believe that he, himself did not write his famous plays, sonnets, and poems. InRead More The Nature of Evil in William ShakespeareÂ’s Othello Essay1656 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam ShakespeareÂ’s Othello uses different and unique techniques in his language to express the nature of evil throughout the play. Verbal twists and the characters most importantly stress the act of evil. Iago, most of all is portrayed as the “villain” or “protagonist in the play. Shakespeare uses this character to set the basis of evil. Each plot point is spiraled further into tragedy due to the nature of Iago and his manipulative language towards the other main characters. Corruption overcomesRead MoreExplain How Othellos and Iagos Relationship Leads to Tragedy?1036 Words   |  5 Pagesleads to tragedy? The most influential writer in English literature ‘William Shakespeare’ born 1564 wrote many plays comedies and sonnets. I will be talking about one of Shakespeares most popular play which is ‘Othello’. Othello has a long and successful stage history and was one of the first plays to be performed since the 1660’s. Othello has never gone in and out of fashion like some of Shakespeare other plays. This is possibly because of their universal theme which is love and how the play has aRead MoreThe Concept Of Iago By William Shakespeare1163 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"The Concept of Iago† William Shakespeare’s plays all have a common theme: death. There is almost always death, and the play of â€Å"Othello† is no different since it ends in a â€Å"tragedy.† It begins with a man named Iago who speaks to Roderigo of how he should have received the position of lieutenant that was instead given to Cassio, a inexperienced man in his words, by Othello, the General. Iago shows distaste towards Othello, the play then goes through the story of Iago attempting to receive the positionRead MoreThe Tragic Tragedy Of William Shakespeare s Othello1523 Words   |  7 PagesTragedy is described as a drama that has pain, suffering, and loss. In the Merriam- Webster dictionary, we can see tragedy being defined a â€Å"disastrous event† (Webster). We also see in the dictionary that a serious drama that involves a hero’s downfall and an unhappy ending can also be classified as a tragedy. Aristotle, the famous Greek philosopher, provides a more comprehen sive definition of tragedy based on drama in a play. Kennedy Gioia gives us, Aristotle’s definition of a tragedy that saysRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare Essay1203 Words   |  5 PagesThe Dramatic play entitled Othello is an unusual story full of jealousy, dark misunderstandings, lies, and regrets. Following Aristotle s definition of a true tragedy, where does the tale of Othello fall? Is Othello too dramatic too be considered a tragedy or does it barely fall along the lines of tragic? Shakespeare s innovation with poetry and dramatic plays have been recognized by critics and playgoers throughout the centuries (Lee,1899). The Bard s play entitled Othello, is among some ofRead MoreOthello, By William Shakespeare1599 Words   |  7 Pages William Shakespeare’s 16th century play Othello is a duplicitous and fraudulent tale set alternatingly between Venice in act 1, and the island of Cyprus thereafter. The play follows the scandalous marriage between protagonist Othello, a Christian moore and the general of the army of Venice, and Desdemona, a respected and intelligent woman who also happens to be the daughter of the Venetian Senator Brabantio. Shakespeare undoubtedly positions the marriage to be viewed as heroic and noble, despiteRead MoreThe Tragedy Of Othello By William Shakespeare757 Words   |  4 Pages The Tragedy of Othello by William Shakespeare William Shakespeare uses many literary devices to enhance and provide greater complexity in his works. More specifically, the theme, symbolism, and dramatic irony are used to enrich Shakespeare’s The Tragedy of Othello. The plot is definitely engaging but the theme allows for an universal human correspondence, furthering the depth of the author’s message. The element of symbolism contributes to the theme of Shakespeare’s tragedy. Symbolism expressesRead MoreOthello is Not a Tragic Hero Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesOthello has been described as one of William Shakespeare’s most popular plays because the play focuses on its themes of good and evil, military, politics, love and marriage, religion, racial prejudice, gender conflict, and sexuality; but the controversy and debate surrounding Othello is â€Å"Why is Othello a qualification for a tragedy?† Most readers are aware of the many famous deaths or acts of death within the Shakespearean plays. And when the main characters die in Shakespeare’s plays, indeedRead MoreEssay on The Incomparable Evil in Shakespeares Othello2968 Words   |  12 PagesIncomparable Evil in Shakespeares Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚   Shakespeare?s tragic drama Othello disturbs audiences because of the intense, diabolical evil involved in the plot development. Let?s explore the evil in the play, especially in the character of Iago.    In his book of literary criticism, Shakespearean Tragedy, A. C. Bradley gives an in-depth analysis of the brand of evil which the ancient personifies:    Iago stands supreme among Shakespeare?s evil characters because the greatest

The At The Stones River Battlefield - 1229 Words

On April 19th I recently decided to go to the Stones River Battlefield. In the beginning I honestly was very interested in going to somewhere I had been to before, but then I realized that I could use some new information in my life. I have recently be to the Parthenon in Nashville, and I like it there also, but I am glad that I got the chance to go to the battlefield. However, when it comes to history a part of me find it very hard to retain the information I have learned, and the other half of me see it kind of boring. The more and more I visit places to see and do hands on things for myself, the more it helps me understand what I have learned. With this being said, I am very glad to have attended the battlefield. Amongst my visit, I was a little confused on what I was doing, but I decided to get out of the car and proceed walking to the building. When I entered the building there was a tall guy who greeted me, he wore an outfit similar to a boys scout leader. He then asked me if it was my first time attending and I said yes. There was a couple coming through the door, so he greeted them both and then told us a little about the exhibit. He then instructed us on how to see all of the exhibit and gave us a map/brochure. I then walked away and started to look around on my own. At first what caught my attention is the models and some of the things written on the walls. I then noticed that even though I was reading it, I was not retaining the information, so then I started toShow MoreRelatedStones river battlefield Essay793 Words   |  4 Pages Stones River Battlefield In close proximity to Middle Tennessee State University, lies the Stones River National Battlefield, Where students and others may enjoy exercising, viewing wildlife, or learning about the history behind this amazing place. Many men on both sides of the controversy died at this site. The park is in a beautiful setting that shows respect for the enormous sacrifices made by so many. Many trails have been made to allow visitors to walk through all areas of the battlefieldRead MoreStones River Battlefield Review791 Words   |  3 PagesI visited the Stones River Battlefield located in Murfreesboro, TN. I chose this locating, because it was close and convenient for me to explore in-between classes one day. I actually learned quite a bit about the land and what took place there in 1862. Some information was giving to me shortly after I enter their visitor center, and I was guided in the right direction to help me with my paper. I didn’t prepare myself too much prior to my visit, due to the fact I really had nothing in mind thatRead MoreA Study On Stones River National Battlefield862 Words   |  4 PagesThe historical site I selected as the subject of my study was Stones River National Battlefield. This paper concerns my experience researching the site, in addition to my experience visiting the site. First, I will explain my reason for choosing the site. Second, I will discuss preparation for my visit. Third, I will give a description of the site. Fourth, I will explain what makes the site historic. Fifth, and finally, I will discuss my impressions of the site. A number of years ago, I performedRead MoreA Brief Note On Stones River National Battlefield1106 Words   |  5 PagesStones River National Battlefield Stones River Battlefield was an obvious choice for this assignment. I live and study in Murfreesboro, Tennessee. I know that there is a lot of history in the area, but it is not often that we encounter this history on a daily basis. It is important to know about the history because it helps us to understand the present and the culture of any area. I found that this battlefield was actually very important to the events of the Civil War, therefore, I knew that thisRead MoreA Brief Note On Stones River National Battlefield1717 Words   |  7 PagesStones River National Battlefield is located at 3501 Old Nashville highway in the city of Murfreesboro. I found out about it because it s very close to my house so that made me very curious. I checked the website first and I saw pictures of the park’ it looked so beautiful, so I called to see what time they are open and if it is free entrance; my curiosity was fulfilled after I made some time from school to go visit the place FOR FREE . I was excited to go see what is this park about and learn someRead MoreThe ancient Roman army was one of extreme power and excellence. To be a Roman soldier meant to be600 Words   |  3 Pagesmuch more professional and controlled. The men of the Roman legion, which is a great number of soldiers, soon became the monarchs in heavy infantry at time when heavy infantry ruled the battlefield. The ability to modify and improve weapons, tactics and strategy proved them to be resourceful on and off the battlefield. The soldiers signed a contract to fight and were not allowed to marry while in service but were paid. Only men were allowed in the Roman army. Each Roman soldier was a Roman citizenRead MoreA Brief Note On The Battle Of Antietam1367 Words   |  6 PagesThis engagement occurred in a 24-acre cornfield. These were the most deadly hours of the battle; over 8,000 casualties were killed at this time. As Union General Joseph Hooker later wrote, It was never my fortune to witness a bloody, dismal battlefield in that nature. In the first hour of the battle in the Cornfield, the slaughter was so intense that one man fell, was killed or wounded every second. By 10 am, Union troops overtook the Cornfield, but the Confederates remained on the field. JustRead MoreThe Homefront And The Battlefront1266 Words   |  6 Pagesthe specifics of the battle. As casualties grew more numerous the families’ concern only grew stronger. The war was expected to be short and for there to be few c asualties. By the end of 1862, the phenomenal bloodshed at the battles of Shiloh and Stones River had cruelly shattered this illusion. People had to come to terms with a scale of warfare and a level of suffering never deemed possible for America. Both the north and the south had to pick up slack around the home. The women and children hadRead MoreFrancis Clayton, A Brave Woman Soldier1080 Words   |  5 Pagesby side with her husband until he was killed on December 31, 1862 during the Battle of Stones River. It is said that Clayton stepped over his body and continued to fight. Another battle she is known to have fought in was the Battle of Fort Donelson in Tennessee on February 13, 1862. It is reported that she was wounded three times and even taken prisoner once. In addition to her courage on the battlefield, she was brave in concealing her identity. Francis Clayton played the role of Jack WilliamsRead More Battle of Bull Run Essay1020 Words   |  5 Pages In Virginia the first battle of the Civil War was fought, near Manassas, Virginia railroad junction, after which the battle is called (or First Bull Run, named after the flowing stream on the battlefield, if of the Union point of view). The armies in this first battle were not prodigious by later Civil War principles. The Federal services under Brigadier General Irvin McDowell were well thought-out into four divisions, of about 30,000 men. These divisions were commanded by Tyler, Hunter, Heintzelman

British policies that have taken place since the end of the Second World War Free Essays

In this essay I am going to be looking at British policies that have taken place since the end of the Second World War. The government have used a mixture of private and public welfare up until today; I am going to be looking into what ideologies influence the policies that have been put into place. Also throughout the essay I will explain how ideologies and policies have an effect on certain social groups in society. We will write a custom essay sample on British policies that have taken place since the end of the Second World War or any similar topic only for you Order Now The term ideology is the ideas and beliefs of an individual or a group about how the world should be. There are lots of different political ideologies; the main two I will be looking into are Liberalism and social reformism. However both of these ideologies overlap with Marxist and conservative views which I will look at broadly. The first ideology I am going to look at is Social reformism also known as social democracy. This emerged from the late 1800’s and was set up from the trade unions and non conformist churches such as Methodist in Britain. This ideology has very strong values in helping and supporting people who are worse off than their selves. They believe that the government has a duty to look after the worse off in society, and they try to do this through the welfare state. They believe that democratic change is the way forward to succeeding in society, this usually means voting will be used to determine what changes are made. Social reformism believes that the government should interfere with the running of society and that the large industries should all is state owned. Another one of their ideas is for everyone to have equal opportunities, also a part of this is the belief that if you have a big income that you should be taxed according to this. Read also Analyze the Ways in Which British Imperial Policies This means that the rich will be getting taxed more than the poor which will mean the money will be put into the state to help the worse off, to help everyone become more equal and have equal chances in life. The second ideology I am going to look at is Liberalism which is the philosophy of john Locke, Adam smith and John Stuart Mill. This ideology mainly started in the 1600’s as a movement against the power of the monarchy however became more dominant in the 1800’s. The Liberalists stand for freedom and protection of people’s rights and equality between everyone. Liberalists believe that the government should have none or very little involvement with the running of society. This includes limiting the state owned businesses and government powers over industries. From a economics point of view Liberalism believes that we should have a free market and free enterprise over the world. They encourage free trade so much in order to move forward towards being a more successful capitalist society. Liberalism does not want the state involved in the economy ect, as they believe it works best without any political input from the government. However as the liberalists believe in the protection of human rights they accept input in policing, courts, and the military as these are provided to protect individuals. The next ideology I’m going to look briefly at is Marxism also known as socialism. Marxism was first introduced by Karl Marx who believed in having a classless society in the 1600’s. Marxists believed that there were two main groups who were relevant in making the economic system worked. He called them the Bourgeoisie who are the owners of industry, and the proletariat who are the working class. Ap World History Units 1-3 Study Guide iframe class="wp-embedded-content" sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" style="position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);" src="https://phdessay.com/ap-world-history-units-1-3-study-guide/embed/#?secret=anjaxxjPd1" data-secret="anjaxxjPd1" width="500" height="282" title="#8220;Ap World History Units 1-3 Study Guide#8221; #8212; Free Essays - PhDessay.com" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no"/iframe The Marxist idea is that the owners of industry exploit the working class to make as much profit out of them as possible. The Marxists notice this and have a view that a revolution should take place which would let the working class rise against the ruling class. Marxists believed that the state should be fully involved in society such as owning industries, and have control over health care, housing and a good welfare system to ensure everyone has equal opportunities at having a good life and a good standard of living. The last ideology that was mainly used was conservatism which emerged at the time of the French revolution 1789. Conservatism has a very traditional approach and believes in maintaining the status quo or having very little slow change. This ideology believes that the class system in our society works. They believe that having an upper class, middle class and working class is a functional way to live. They believe that we should be able to help the poor but not too much that they get dependent on societies input into helping them. In 1939 was the beginning of World War 2, where Britain took place in one of the toughest wars known to history. The war affected everyone in the country as individuals, businesses and families. Neville Chamberlain was the Prime minister of Britain at the beginning of World War 2, however in 1940 Chamberlain decided to resign and Winston Churchill became Prime Minister. Post war governments throughout 1945-1975 steered the economy and all the political parties to continue and to further support the welfare state. This time is also known as the kaynesian and Beveridgian period. William Beveridge was a social reformist who was asked to carry out a a report which was released in 1942. He believed that the government should pay to provide basic welfare, and take responsibility for helping the unemployed and people in poverty. In his report he said that the government should be able to tackle the â€Å"5 evil giants† Which are Want, Disease, Ignorance, Squalor and Idleness. The Beveridge report is such an important part of history because the Beveridge report helped produce the welfare state. Kaynes was an economist which argued that in times of recessions the government should invest into the economic system to help create jobs for people. This would be a good idea because as people now have jobs they will then be able to pay their money slowly back into the economy. However when the economy is booming the government should be able to have the power to be able to slow down the economy by introducing more taxes, this is so people don’t demand more goods as this may lead to inflation. Around the time just after the war there were a lot of social reformist approaches. Firstly The National Health Service Act (1948) was introduced. This act was established to give people a right to a free health service and free medical treatment for everyone. However when this Act was first mentioned GP’s were not fond of the idea and didn’t want to join. However this Act has affected many people throughout Britain For years such as Working Class Families. This Act has given them the opportunity to have free health care where as they may not have been able to afford medical treatment before which means we as a country are saving more lives through the NHS. The next Act i am going to look at is the National Insurance Act (1946). At this stage when the Act was first introduced everyone had to pay into it (employer, employee, and the government) which entitles you to sick pay and a pension. The next Act was the Children’s Act (1948), this gave the government responsibilities for looking after children in Britain and having the main power for the Childs Protection . Throughout 1946-1948 housing Acts were also introduced to help people get a better living standard. Between 1950-1975 we currently had nationalised industries. This meant that the government owned most of the large industries such as Coal, gas and electric. Within this time period the government also decided to get rid of the Grammar schools which meant also scrapping the 11+ exam and introduce comprehensive schools, which was also a social reformist idea. However they did decide not to abolish private schools which meant this also had a sense of a conservative approach. This is because keeping the private schools is only keeping the class difference the same of if anything making the gap larger. In the late 1970’s family income support was introduced. This policy was pretty much the same as working tax credits however this meant that your income was supplemented to a good living standard. This was introduced to try and not let people get into the poverty cycle, people went through a means testing processes which the government believed was done very fairly and reached out to help a lot more people who were struggling or maybe not entitled to the original benefit. From 1979-1997 lots of changes were being made to society when the conservatives where in power. Margret Thatcher a conservative, re introduced a Liberalist approach into society. Even though Thatcher stood for the conservative party she introduced a lot of Liberalist ideas into the policies between 1979 and 1997. This idea of a new liberalist approach was known as The New Right. Thatcher believed that the state was being used too much and was too involved in people’s lives. This era is known as the welfare break up, as Margret Thatcher was very Anti welfare state and in favour for lowering the income tax. Thatcher decided to start De nationalising industries because she believed they were inefficient and there were way too many people employed. The railway, coal, BT and parts of the NHS were a few industries which where effected who were put into the hands of the private sector rather than the government meaning a lot of people loosing their jobs which is also a Liberalist approach. At this time the conservatives also tried to cut the welfare benefits; however did not successes with this due to the government worrying about riots because unemployment was at its highest at 4million which would leave a lot of people fending for them selves. However slight changes were made to the welfare system where they cut 16-18 year olds being able to get welfare benefits. This was because they wanted too push teenagers to go and get a job or go into education, this is where the government intruded the youth training system to help young people. In 1997 Labour won the election by a landslide victory making Tony Blaire MP. In the 1980’s before Labour were elected socialists argued with social reformists within the labour party. This made some of the MP’s leave the labour party who chose to create a social democrat party, which has now formed into the Liberal democrat party. He also decided to change the name to ‘New Labour’ as apposed to ‘Old Labour’ as they had removed some of their socialist ideology. They came up with an idea of a ‘third way approach’, this meant that they were able to take bits of ideologies and put them together to win votes. One example of this is labour not changing some of the privatisation of the NHS which would win over voters from more of a conservative background. Through 1997-2010 there were lots of policies introduced by the Labour government. Some of the policies took a very Liberalist approach and some took a Social reformism approach. I am firstly going to look at the policies which were introduced by social reformism under Labour government. The first Policy i am going to look at is the National Minimum wage. This was introduced so that people were able to only sell their labour for a good standard amount of money. This is also to helps people (especially working class) not to fall into poverty as they will be guaranteed a ‘liveable’ wage. The minimum wage has changed since it was first brought in, as the minimum wage now stands at ?6. 08 for workers over the age of 21. Also to be re introduced was Working family tax credits, which Labour increased the amount of money people where able to get to supplement their income which reached out to working class families to help them have a better standard of living. The government were also very fond of trying to tackle child poverty. They did this by injecting money in to schools in low income areas to help the children get a better education in that area, and also supplying children with after school clubs and breakfast clubs to help families struggling financially. Another major policy brought in by Labour is Job seekers allowance. This was introduced to help people get back into work and to support them financially whilst doing so. Most of these policies introduced by social reformism under Labour government are there to help families with low income living in low income areas. Labour also had policies which were introduced by Liberalism. Firstly Labour continued to slowly de nationalise industries and introduce agencies to run the government department. Therefore this Liberalist view is mostly advantaging the Upper/middle class. This is because if Labour are still privatising parts of the welfare state for example social care the working class are going to be unable to pay for these services due to low income. Gordon Brown was elected for Labour in 2007 where Britain fell into a economical crisis. He then went to nationalise the banks which meant the government had to buy shares or all parts of the banks to ensure they didn’t go under, which is a socialist idea. In 2010 the Coalition government came into power which consisted of the Liberal democrats and Conservatives. There aims for Britain are to be able to reduce government spending by cutting back on the welfare, education and local government services which is based on Liberalist Ideology. Up to the present day to day Britain is still struggling to get back on its feet after the recession however things are improving. How to cite British policies that have taken place since the end of the Second World War, Papers

Chance and Hot Air Balloons free essay sample

When was the last time you considered the odds of your life panning out in the exact way that it has? Most of the time, the role of chance in our lives goes completely unnoticed, even as it shapes every aspect of our lives and our world. People are hardwired to assign blame or credit to one particular person or event that we think â€Å"caused† something to happen. In reality, causation is not a straight line, leading from one cause to one effect to one aftereffect. It’s more like a huge spider web, with causes influencing many effects and effects further influencing many causes, and once in awhile a big helping of chance is thrown in just to complicate matters more. We would much rather think in straight lines than in spider webs. It’s much easier. But it is immensely important to realize the sheer force of chance in influencing our lives, because it gives us a much deeper appreciation for all the miracles they contain that are so often taken for granted. We will write a custom essay sample on Chance and Hot Air Balloons or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I was confronted by an event that left me with an immense appreciation for chance just a few weeks ago. I was working outside on my family’s farm when I saw a hot air balloon rise over the tree line. It began to descend as it passed over the farm and I followed it, wanting to see it land. I was not disappointed. The two pilots managed to first set their basket down in the middle of a line of thirty-foot pine trees, then, after extracting themselves, collide with the side of my neighbor’s house before finally landing in the neighbor’s yard. While I watched this whole odd debacle, I realized how incredibly unlikely it was. Had I been busy that day, as most other days, I would not have been home and would have never realized a balloon had been there. Had the wind blown just slightly differently, the balloon would have avoided its collisions. Had the FAA realized that these particular pilots were so completely inept, they could not have obtained a license to fly the ir balloon in the first place. Had my mother not planted that line of thirty foot pine trees as saplings twenty years previously, or chosen not to water them through the drought that came right away after, the balloon would have had no problem landing in what otherwise was a flat, wide open field. The spider web of all these unlikely circumstances added up to produce one truly odd event, and because I was there to see it, I was reminded of how many unlikely, even miraculous events occur unnoticed every single day in the lives of every single person on the planet. Having an appreciation for such events prevents us from assigning as much undeserved credit and blame and frees us to think about the big picture. Such thinking can only propel ourselves, our society, and, ultimately, our world forwards.

Planning The Strategic Goals And Objectives Of The Organization

Question: Discuss about the Process Of Planning The Strategic Goals And Objectives Of The Organization. Answer: Introduction: Operations management is considered as that area of management which mainly design and control the process related to the production and redesigning of business operations while producing goods and services. Operations management mainly ensures that business operations of the organization conduct efficient use of resources for the purpose of meeting the business objectives and requirements of customers. Operation section related to the business plan reflects the picture of what generally goes in the day to day activities of the business (Sanders, 2014). This report mainly creates an operational plan or process map for a coffee shop named as Beans Beans, and for this purpose this report focuses on three areas which are stated below: First area identifies the critical components related to the functions of the operation management in different organizations, and also states their relationship with the decision making and value chain. Second area define the principle and quantitative methodologies for the purpose of assisting the decision making in operation process such as operational planning, scheduling, and inventory management. Last section evaluates the role of operations management in the strategic management of organizations and supply chains. Lastly, paper is concluded with brief conclusion which state key points of the report. Brief overview of company: Beans Beans coffee house will be the place for coffee lovers and this caf serves high quality coffee with the trendy snacks, and a soothing ambience to its customers. Customer oriented strategy of the company includes convenient location and excellent customer service for the purpose of building strong customer base. Owners of this caf possess long term management experience in the food service industry. Main products of this coffee house includes gourmet coffee products such as espressos, cappuccinos, latts. Coffee shop also serves different types of snacks which also includes healthy alternatives. Operational plan: Operational management is not an individual process, and it is more concerned with the complete transformation process which means complete business. It reflects the changes occurred in the competitive environment, and what operations have to be conducted for the purpose of meeting the future challenges. It is related to the long term development of its operation resources and processes so that they can provide the basis for a sustainable advantage (Geoffrey, 2000). Functions of operation management: Operations management is considered as that business function which mainly manage the process of creation of goods and services, and it involves different functions such as planning, organizing, coordinating, and controlling all the resources of the organization which are required for producing goods and services of the organization. Critical components: Following are critical components of the operational management functions which also support the decision making and value chain process: Design of goods and services: operational management of caf mainly focus on the premium design for goods and services offered by them to the customers. This area of operation management reflects the high-end brand image of the firm. Main character of the caf is linked with the differentiation generic strategy of the company, and also with the premium pricing strategy. Quality management: Beans Beans use best component in context of quality management, and for this purpose company take its source coffee beans directly from the farmers who meet the quality standards stated by government. Process and capacity design: this area of the operations management ensure effectiveness in cost by providing efficiency in the workflow and other process. It is considered as one of the important contributors to the success of caf. Process of the caf must be highly efficient, and for this purpose caf improves its capacity utilization by designing such process which meets fluctuating demands (Kattering University, 2016). Job design and human resources: human resource management is the most important function of any organization. Culture of caf involves such attitude of employers which ensures cares for the workers of the caf, and it also involves functional positions and positions for management of inventory. Supply chain management- supply chain of this involves process in which caf directly contact with the farmers for the purpose of getting coffee beans. Strategy of the caf also involves diversification of the suppliers for the purpose of ensuring stability in the supply. Therefore, it can be said that in this area of operations management, caf ensures ethics and meet its corporate social responsibility. Inventory management: inventory management at the caf is directly related with the supply chain of the firm and also with different facilities. Inventory management of the caf involves office automation and manual monitoring of activities (INC, n.d.). Relationship with value chain and decision making: In 1985, porter introduced the concept of value chain for the purpose of examining the functions of the performance of the company and their relations with the source which ensures competitive advantage. It considers the caf actions in context of activities and also analyzes the importance of different activities which are helpful for producing and delivering final product or service (MHED, n.d.). Above stated components play very important role in the value chain and decision making process of the caf. Through these components caf develop competitive advantages and create value for shareholders. It works as separate system and conduct different actions which create value for business. It not only create value for business but also provide support in decision making, as they provide relevant information related to the different processes of the organization to the management, and this information is used by management while taking the decision. These components also help the caf in achieving the competitive advantage over their competitors. These components help the organization to ensure that process and activities conducted by the organization meet the requirements of the customers. T can work as a framework which assesses the performance of the organization, and also assess required changes to achieve the objectives set by the caf. Value chain activities of this caf includes following characteristics (Linkedin, n.d.): Inbound logistics Outbound logistics Operations Marketing sales Service Caf get its raw materials from the suppliers, and they mainly focus on maintaining strong and best relationships with its suppliers. Caf sell its products through store and all its stores are licensed. Ready products of the caf are shipped from its warehouse to its retailed stores. Caf purchase, roasts, and sells high quality coffee beans other products related to coffee. Beans Beans roast there for more period of time as compared to other coffee makers. Marketing and sales are considered as most important process of the brand value chain, and this process add lots of value to the business. Caf mainly give attention to the customers service and it is considered as most important area of the value chain. It must be noted that for providing better services to the customers caf also provides online services to its customers and these services are provided through website of the caf and mobile app. Process map for the same is stated below (Choi, 2007): Process map for online orders Decision making in operation process: Operation process is considered as branch of management science which defines the factors contributes in organization success while conducting day to day operations of the business. It develops and applies those methods and techniques which help in designing and implementing such systems which are effective and efficient while conducting activities in the organization. There are number of operational issues which range from purchasing to the final distribution of the products and services. From last few years, organizations witnessed increase scope of operations management and how this function contributes in the growth and profitability of the organization. Caf develop the capability to deliver its products and services as fast speed and ensures cost cutting in the production process. It provides competitive advantage to the caf and improves production efficiency. Before conducting any activities in the operation management, it is necessary for caf to ensure successful decision making. Decision making is considered as most important process of any organization and complete process of the organization is based on this single process. It includes evaluation of alternatives for the purpose of identifying the best solution related to the problem. While making the decisions, management also analyzes the pros and cons of every alternative solution. Application of operations management must be run in smooth manner and achieve the goals and objectives of the organization. Following are some principles which must be taken into account while making the decisions of the organization: Planning- planning is considered as base of any area of management, and on this framework related to the operations management of the organization is built. In this administration assess the present stage of the caf, and where it wants to be in the upcoming future. In this management of the caf determine the appropriate course of action and then find out the way to implement them for the purpose of attaining the objectives set by organization. Implementing- implementation is also considered as most important function of the organization, and in this function caf conduct, manage and monitor the activities planned by the management. Effective implementation helps the staff of the caf in achieving the goals of the organization with their personal or career goals. It ensures motivation of the employees, communication with employees, department dynamics, and department leadership. Scheduling- Beans Beans generally use automated and manual scheduling process for conducting different business activities in the organization. Caf applied such schedules for managing the human resource which are flexible in nature. This area of operation management directly related with the objectives of the process with streamlining processes, as it allows some degree of flexibility in the management positions of the caf. Quantitative approach to the management of the organization involves the use of quantitative techniques such as statistics, information models, and computer simulations, for the purpose of improving the decision making. Quantitative approach of operation management include following components: Computers models can be used by the managers for the purpose off determining best way to do something, and this saves both money and timing of the caf. Caf can also use mathematical forecasting as it helps in making the projections and these projections are useful in the process of planning. Inventory modeling helps the organization in controlling inventories by mathematically determining how and when to put order for a product. Management can use queuing theory for the purpose of allocating services to human resource or workstations for the purpose of reducing customer waiting and service cost (Cliff notes, n.d.) Cafs operations management use different types of strategies in context of productivity criteria, and some of these strategies are stated below: Average order filling duration for the productivity of caf. Coffee beans weight processed on the basis of time. Duration of equipment repair. Role of operations management in the strategic management supply chain: The main purpose of the operations strategy is to provide a plan for the operations management for the purpose of ensuring best use of its resources. Policies and procedures are specified by the operation strategy for the purpose of using the resources of the caf and support its long term competitive strategy. In this caf frames the effective framework for the purpose of supporting operation plan of the organization and also link the operational plan with the main objectives of the organization. It must be noted that, operational plan of the caf is responsible for managing the resources which are required for producing the goods and services. Operational strategy is considered as that plan which mainly specifies the design and use of resources for the purpose of supporting the objectives of the organization. It includes various factors such as locations, size, type of the facilities, skills of the worker, technology, processes needed, and quality control methods. It is necessary to link the operational strategy with the business strategy of the organization, and it must be of such nature as it helps the organization to achieve its long term plan of the organization (CSCMP, n.d.). On the other hand, supply chain management also play important role in the operation management, as it is considered as most integral part of most businesses and considered as important part of the organization success and satisfaction of the customer: It ensures delivery on right time, as customers expected organization deliver the products on time. This can be understood through example, if caf does not deliver its products on time then it reduce the satisfaction of the customers. Generally, customers expect that caf served the products quickly even before the time they commit. Supply chain management also reduces the operating cost of the organization in different ways: It helps in reducing the purchase cost by ensuring quick delivery of the costly product for the purpose of avoiding hold of costly inventories. It helps in reducing the production cost by ensuring cost efficiency (Florida tech, n.d.). Conclusion: After considering the above facts, it can be said that Beans Beans caf can ensure effective operation management in the caf by including all the critical components in the strategy. This report provides a plan for the operations management which ensures best use of its resources. Inventory management at the caf is directly related with the supply chain and value chain of the firm and also with different facilities. References: Choi, K. (2007). The value chain's use for the service industry. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10941660108722094. Cliffs Notes. Quantitative School of Management. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.cliffsnotes.com/study-guides/principles-of-management/the-evolution-of-management-thought/quantitative-school-of-management. CSCMP. The Importance of Supply Chain Management. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://cscmp.org/CSCMP/Develop/Starting_Your_SCM_Career/Importance_of_SCM/CSCMP/Develop/Starting_Your_Career/Importance_of_Supply_Chain_Management.aspx?hkey=cf46c59c-d454-4bd5-8b06-4bf7a285fc65. Florida tech. Supply Chain Management vs. Operations Management. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.floridatechonline.com/blog/process-improvement/supply-chain-management-vs-operations-management/. Geoffrey, C. (2000). Managing in the Info Era. Fortune, pp. F6F9. INC. Operations Management. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.inc.com/encyclopedia/operations-management.html. Kettering university, (2016). 10 Critical Decisions of Operations Management. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://online.kettering.edu/news/2016/09/21/10-critical-decisions-operations-management. Linkedin. Porters Value Chain - Does it serve the service industry?. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/porters-value-chain-does-serve-service-industry-rajesh-bhadwal. MHED. Introduction to Operations Management. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.mheducation.co.uk/he/chapters/9780077133016.pdf. Sanders, N. (2014). Operations Management Defined. Retrieved on 19th March 2018 from: https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=2167438.